Measles Cases Are Rising: Do You Need a Booster? Check with MMR Titer Testing

As measles cases increase across the country, many are wondering: Do I need a booster? The good news is that most people are protected, but some may need an extra dose. If you’re unsure of your immunity status, MMR titer testing can provide clarity.

Understanding Measles Immunity

A measles booster refers to receiving an additional dose of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. In 1989, U.S. health agencies recommended that children receive two doses: the first around age 1 and the second between ages 4 and 6. Two doses offer 97% protection against measles, while one dose provides about 93% protection.

The measles component of the MMR vaccine has been used since 1971, with an earlier version available since 1963. However, not all early vaccines were equally effective. If you received an inactivated measles vaccine between 1963 and 1967, you should get the current MMR vaccine for better protection.

Who Should Consider a Booster or MMR Titer Testing?

• Born before 1957: You’re likely protected due to natural infection during childhood.
• Born between 1957 and 1962: Your immunity status may be unclear. Check vaccination records or consider MMR titer testing.
• Born between 1963 and 1967: If you received the inactivated vaccine, get revaccinated.
• Born between 1963 and 1989: If you had only one dose, you may be protected in most cases, but MMR titer testing can confirm immunity.
• Born after 1989: If you followed the standard two-dose schedule, you are well protected.

What is MMR Titer Testing?

An MMR titer test measures antibodies in your blood to determine whether you have immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella. This test is particularly useful if you are unsure about your vaccination history or need proof of immunity for work, travel, or school. If your antibody levels are low, a booster dose of the MMR vaccine can ensure protection.

Special Cases for Additional Vaccination

The CDC recommends a second MMR dose for specific groups, including:

• Healthcare workers
• College students
• International travelers
• Close contacts of immunocompromised individuals
• People with HIV who have adequate immune function

If you live in an area with an outbreak, follow state and local health guidance. The recent outbreak in West Texas, with over 250 cases primarily among unvaccinated individuals, underscores the importance of vaccination. Texas health officials recommend early vaccination for infants 6 to 11 months old in affected areas and an accelerated two-dose schedule for unvaccinated children and adults.

How Effective is the MMR Vaccine?

Dr. Adam Ratner, a pediatric infectious disease expert, emphasizes that protection from the MMR vaccine remains strong over time. If you are unsure of your immunity status, MMR titer testing is a simple and reliable option to check before deciding on an additional dose.

Vaccine Side Effects vs. Measles Risks

The MMR vaccine is generally safe, with mild side effects such as a sore arm, fever, or rash. Serious reactions are extremely rare. On the other hand, measles is highly contagious and can lead to severe complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis, and death. About 20% of people with measles require hospitalization.

For individuals with weakened immune systems, including transplant recipients and those undergoing chemotherapy, doctors may recommend antibody testing or revaccination to ensure adequate protection.

The Importance of Herd Immunity

Public health officials stress that maintaining a 95% vaccination rate is crucial to prevent outbreaks and protect those who cannot be vaccinated, such as infants under 1 year old and people with severe allergies to vaccine components.

What’s Next?

If you’re unsure about your immunity, consider getting an MMR titer test before deciding on an additional vaccine dose. If your antibody levels are low, getting a booster shot is a safe and effective way to stay protected. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best option for you, especially if you are in a high-risk group or live in an outbreak-prone area.

Staying informed and proactive is key to keeping measles at bay and ensuring community-wide immunity.