Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody (Immunity Screen),

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Also known as: Varicella Zoster Virus Ab Immunity ScrAcif S

Varicella Zoster Virus

Varicella Zoster Virus Ab

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The Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody (Immunity Screen), test contains 1 test with 2 biomarkers.

Brief Description: The ACIF (Anticomplement Immunofluorescence) Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test is a specialized blood test designed to detect antibodies against the Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), the causative agent of chickenpox and shingles. By identifying these antibodies, the test can provide insight into an individual's past exposure to the virus or gauge the body's immune response following vaccination.

Collection Method: Blood Draw

Specimen Type: Serum

Test Preparation: No preparation required

When and Why an ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen Test May Be Ordered

A healthcare provider might order this test in the following situations:

  1. Verification of Immunity: For individuals, especially healthcare workers or those in educational settings, who need to verify their immunity to VZV.
  2. Before Vaccination: To determine if an individual needs the chickenpox or shingles vaccine. If immunity is already present, vaccination might be unnecessary.
  3. Pregnancy: Pregnant women who are unsure of their chickenpox history might be tested to evaluate the risk to themselves and their unborn child.
  4. Immunocompromised Individuals: To assess the risk of infection or reactivation of the VZV in people with weakened immune systems.

What the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen Test Checks For

This test detects the presence of antibodies (IgG) against the Varicella-Zoster Virus. The presence of these antibodies typically indicates immunity, meaning the individual has previously been infected with VZV or has been successfully vaccinated against it.

Sample Ulta Lab Tests view of Varicella Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen Results

Sample Quest Result Report view of Varicella Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen Results

Other Lab Tests Ordered Alongside the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen Test

When a VZV Antibody Screen is ordered, it's often part of a broader evaluation of immune status or in preparation for certain medical treatments. Here are some tests commonly ordered alongside it:

  1. Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) Immunity Tests:

    • Purpose: To assess immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella.
    • Why Is It Ordered: Often part of pre-employment screening for healthcare workers or checkup before pregnancy or immunosuppressive therapy, similar to VZV screening.

  2. Hepatitis B Surface Antibody:

    • Purpose: To determine immunity to hepatitis B.
    • Why Is It Ordered: For healthcare workers, patients before certain treatments like chemotherapy, or before organ transplantation to assess immune status..

  3. Complete Blood Count (CBC) with Differential:

    • Purpose: To evaluate overall blood health.
    • Why Is It Ordered: To assess the immune system's capability to respond to infections and vaccinations, particularly the lymphocyte count.

  4. Tuberculosis (TB) Interferon-Gamma Release:

    • Purpose: To screen for TB infection.
    • Why Is It Ordered: Often part of routine health screening, especially for healthcare workers or before starting immunosuppressive medications.

  5. Immunoglobulin Levels (IgG, IgM, IgA):

    • Purpose: To evaluate the levels and function of different immunoglobulins.
    • Why Is It Ordered: To assess overall immune function, which can affect the response to infections and vaccinations.

  6. Liver Function Test:

    • Purpose: To assess liver health.
    • Why Is It Ordered: Certain liver conditions can affect immune function and the body's response to infections.

These tests, when ordered alongside a Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Screen, provide a comprehensive evaluation of a person’s immune status and exposure to common infections. They are important for determining immunity, guiding vaccination strategies, and preparing for medical treatments that may affect the immune system. The specific combination of tests will depend on the individual’s medical history, occupation, and specific health concerns.

Conditions or Diseases that Require an ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen Test

This test is primarily used for:

  • Chickenpox (Varicella): A contagious disease characterized by an itchy skin rash, fever, and fatigue.
  • Shingles (Herpes Zoster): Caused by the reactivation of VZV, leading to a painful rash typically on one side of the body or face.

Usage of Results from the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen Test by Health Care Providers

Healthcare providers interpret the results as follows:

  • Positive Result: Indicates immunity to VZV, either due to past infection or vaccination.
  • Negative Result: Suggests a lack of immunity, making the individual susceptible to chickenpox or shingles.

Based on the results, healthcare providers might recommend vaccination or take preventive measures if the individual is at risk of severe complications from VZV.

In summary, the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test offers valuable insights into an individual's immune status regarding VZV, helping to guide clinical decisions and preventive care strategies.

Most Common Questions About the Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody (Immunity Screen), ACIF test:

Purpose and Clinical Indications

Why is the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test conducted?

The ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test is performed to determine if an individual has immunity to the Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), the virus responsible for causing chickenpox and shingles. The test helps identify if someone has previously been infected or vaccinated against the virus.

Who should consider taking the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test?

Healthcare workers, teachers, and individuals in communal living environments, like college dormitories, are at an increased risk of exposure and might consider taking the test. Additionally, anyone unsure about their past chickenpox vaccination or infection status might consider undergoing the test to determine if they need vaccination.

Interpretation of Results

What do positive results from the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test indicate?

A positive result indicates the presence of antibodies against the Varicella-Zoster Virus, suggesting that the person has either been previously vaccinated against chickenpox or has had a past infection.

If the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test comes back negative, what does it mean?

A negative result means there is an absence or insufficient level of VZV antibodies in the blood, implying that the individual has neither been vaccinated nor exposed to the virus. Such individuals may be at risk of contracting chickenpox or shingles and might consider vaccination.

Implications and Medical Management

How is the result of the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test used in medical decision-making?

The result can guide healthcare providers in determining the need for vaccination. If an individual tests negative, indicating no immunity, the healthcare provider might recommend receiving the Varicella vaccine to prevent chickenpox or the Zoster vaccine to prevent shingles in older adults.

If someone had chickenpox as a child, do they need the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test?

Typically, if someone has had a confirmed case of chickenpox in the past, they are considered immune to future infections, and the test might not be necessary. However, if there is doubt about the authenticity of the past infection or if confirmation of immunity is needed for professional reasons, the test may be recommended.

Post-Test Management

If the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test indicates immunity, does it mean the individual will never contract the virus?

Having immunity means that the individual has a reduced risk of contracting chickenpox. However, the Varicella-Zoster Virus remains dormant in the body and can reactivate later in life, causing shingles, especially in older adults or those with compromised immune systems. Immunity to chickenpox doesn't guarantee immunity to shingles.

Are there any considerations for individuals traveling internationally with the results of the ACIF Varicella-Zoster Virus Antibody Immunity Screen test?

For individuals traveling to areas with a high prevalence of chickenpox or shingles outbreaks, having a positive immunity test provides some assurance of protection. However, it's essential to note that immunity levels can wane over time, and it might be a good idea to discuss potential booster shots or other precautions with a healthcare provider before traveling.

We advise having your results reviewed by a licensed medical healthcare professional for proper interpretation of your results.

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